Research Paper Volume 15, Issue 20 pp 11227—11243

Figure 2. EA pretreatment alleviates anesthesia and surgery-induced cognitive decline in aged rats. (A) Traveling trajectory in the open field. (B–D) Total distance traveled, time in the central zone and traveled distance in the central zone of the open field among the four groups. (E) Exploration time to the familiar and novel objects during the novel object recognition phase. (F) Recognition index. (G–K) Swimming trajectory, escape latency, number of crossings of the platform area, total time spent in the target quadrant and average swimming speed in the MWM test. ^*p < 0.05, ^**p < 0.01.